A fork is a modified version of Minecraft server software that branches off from the original codebase to add new features, fix bugs, or optimize performance. Server owners use forks like Paper, Purpur, or Spigot instead of vanilla Minecraft server software to gain access to plugins, performance improvements, and additional configuration options.
Paper: The most widely adopted fork, balancing performance gains while preserving Vanilla behavior.
Purpur: Extends Paper with gameplay-altering features like configurable mob AI, flight in survival mode, and per-player time/weather settings. Best for heavily customized servers.
Spigot: The original performance fork, now considered baseline functionality. Adds the Bukkit plugin API but offers fewer optimizations than modern alternatives.
Fabric/Forge server-side: Technically mod loaders rather than forks, but serve similar purposes for modded servers. Fabric focuses on lightweight modding with faster updates; Forge supports the largest mod ecosystem.
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